Methodology

Data Transmission

Average data transmission per minute of music streaming is estimated at 2.4 MB, which equals 2457.6 KB, 0.00234375 GB, or 0.000002288818359375 TB.
Source: Borgini 2023

Energy Consumption

We assume 0.5 kWh of energy consumption per GB of data transmission.
Source: Pihkola et al. 2018

Carbon Intensity

The default carbon intensity is set to 349 gCO2e/kWh, which is the average for Germany. Users can adjust this value based on their location.
Source: Statista 2022

Carbon Budget

For climate-friendly living, each person should limit their annual carbon footprint to about 2.5 tons CO2e. The average German currently emits about 11.2 tons CO2e per year.
Source: German Federal Environmental Agency

Environmental Impact

Carbon Offsetting

We estimate that one tree can absorb approximately 25 kg CO2e per year.
Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture 2015

Carbon Certificate Costs

The cost to offset carbon emissions is estimated at 89 Euro per ton CO2e.
Source: Ember Climate 2023

Environmental Damage

The welfare losses from environmental damage are estimated at 809 Euro per ton CO2e.
Source: German Federal Environmental Agency 2022

Energy Costs

The cost of electricity is estimated at 0.30 Euro per kWh, based on average German electricity prices.
Source: Stromauskunft.de